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What is a Heater Treater?

A "Heater Treater" is used in the oil and gas production process for the purpose of removing contaminants - typically being liquid hydrocarbons, water and produced water - from natural gas.  Heater Treaters are located at or near the well head and also improve the quality of crude oil by removing the contaminants from oil as well as from natural gas. 

A heater treater typically combines the following components inside the heater treater:

• a heater

• free-water knockout

• oil and gas separator

What is Desiccant Dehydration?

Desiccant Dehydration is a "natural gas treating" technology similar in the end result as other gas processing technologies including gas dehydration or glycol dehydration, with the exception that Desiccant Dehydration does not use amines.  Desiccant Dehydration uses "adsorption" technology to "dry" the natural gas.

Desiccant Dehydration using the adsorption typically consists of two (or more) adsorption towers. Each of these adsorption towers alternate between cycles wherein one tower is actively removing water/moisture from the gas stream, while the other adsorption tower is being "re-generated." Each of these adsorption towers are filled with a "desiccant" that can adsorb a limited amount of water and therefore require re-generation, typically by heat.

Standard desiccants include activated alumina or a granular silica gel material.

In the Desiccant Dehydration process, wet natural gas enters the adsorption towers, from the top and the wet natural gas flows down through the desiccant material, to the bottom. of the adsorption tower. As the wet natural gas passes around the desiccant material, water is separated from the natural gas which is "adsorbed" on the surface of these desiccant particles. By the time the natural gas reaches the bottom of the adsorption tower, over 98% of the water is adsorbed onto the desiccant material, leaving the dry gas to exit the bottom of the adsorption tower. After the desiccant in the active adsorption tower has adsorbed all the water/moisture it can, and reaches capacity, that active adsorption tower is shut down, and an adjacent adsorption tower then activates. During this time, the adsorption tower that has been shut down is "re-generated" and the water/moisture that was adsorbed by the desiccant is heated that vaporizes the water molecules, thereby "recharging" the desiccant and making it ready for use, when the adjacent adsorption tower has completed its cycle.

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